Here a fetus will develop into a healthy fullterm baby. This book contains the practical methods to early diagnosis of various forms of ectopic pregnancies and their modern management. One out of every 100 to 300 pregnancies is ectopic, and the prevalence is increasing. Ectopic pregnancy modern diagnosis and management intechopen.
When a pregnant patient presents with firsttrimester bleeding or. Etopic is the ectopic pregnancy trusts regular enewsletter, with insights into the work we do, the charitys activities and how we provide support, raise awareness and support research into ectopic pregnancy. The most common extrauterine location is the fallopian tube, which accounts for 96 percent of all ectopic gestations picture 1ab 1. Report ectopic pregnancy case study please fill this form, we will try to respond as soon as possible. Early screening for ectopic pregnancy is vital screening and developments in early pregnancy monitoring have considerably reduced the number of deaths from ectopic pregnancy. Relation between chlamydia trachomatis infection and. Ectopic pregnancy can be a very distressing and frightening experience. Most cases of tubal ectopic pregnancy that are detected early can be treated successfully either with minimally invasive surgery or with medical management using. As a result, medical therapy with systemic methotrexate has become the firstline treatment, with surgery reserved. Multiple pregnancy the management of twin and triplet pregnancies in the antenatal period. In the uk, ectopic pregnancy remains the leading cause of pregnancy related first trimester death 0. The objective of this study was to estimate risks and risk factors of pelvic inflammatory disease pid, ectopic pregnancy and tubal factor infertility tfi with a followup time of up until 8 years in women previously.
This booklet is designed to provide information on the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Definition ectopic pregnancies account for 1% to 2% of all conceptions. Objectives a better understanding of chlamydia trachomatis infection chlamydiarelated sequelae can provide a framework for effective chlamydia control strategies. An ectopic pregnancy most often occurs in a fallopian tube, which carries eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. A woman with ectopic pregnancy may be excessively mobile with upright posturing, in order to decrease intrapelvic blood flow, which can lead to swelling of the abdominal cavity and cause additional pain. Pdf ectopic pregnancy is the gynaecological emergency par excellence and remains the leading cause of. Information for you this leaflet has been updated uptodate information is available on the rcog website. An ectopic pregnancy is classified according to where exactly the fertilized egg implants. An ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized egg implants itself outside the uterus. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when implantation of the blastocyst takes place in a site other than the endometrium of the uterine cavity. Summary key points incidence of ectopic pregnancy is rising while maternal mortality from it is falling. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. There has been shift in the mm from ablative surgery to conservative. Free download an ectopic pregnancy powerpoint presentation.
This type of ectopic pregnancy is called a tubal pregnancy. Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy ngozi c. Apr 08, 2020 download ectopic pregnancy case study. Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy the bmj. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is approximately 2% of all reported pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide. Ectopic pregnancy in conakry, guinea world health organization. It aims to improve how early pregnancy loss is diagnosed, and the support women are given, to limit the psychological impact of their loss. Most women who have had an ectopic pregnancy can become pregnant again, but they will need careful follow up, as their risk of ectopic pregnancy is higher. Ep refers to the pregnancy occurring outside the uterine cavity that constitutes 1. Different sonographic faces of ectopic pregnancy journal.
This helps you give your presentation on an ectopic pregnancy in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations. Ectopic pregnancy is defined as implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterine cavity. If ectopic pregnancy appears unlikely and patients are stable, serum levels of betahcg can be measured serially on an outpatient basis typically every 2 days. This guideline contains recommendations specific to twin and triplet pregnancies and covers the following clinical areas. Laparoscopic view, looking down at the uterus marked by blue arrows. Occasionally, however, the egg implants itself outside the uterus often in. Success rates between 47 and 82% are reported, depending on the patients initial status 7. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus. Investigations incur costs and the use of serial measurements may delay decision making. Rupture of an ectopic pregnancy can lead to symptoms such as abdominal distension, tenderness, peritonism and hypovolemic shock.
A ruptured ectopic pregnancy is a true medicalemergency. Ectopic pregnancy gynecology and obstetrics msd manual. Ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed early before it ruptures with recent advances in immunoassay to detect shcg, high resolution usg, and dignostic laparoscopy. Powerpoint is the worlds most popular presentation software which can let you create professional an ectopic pregnancy powerpoint presentation easily and in no time. Apr 17, 2019 this guideline covers diagnosing and managing ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage in women with complications, such as pain and bleeding, in early pregnancy that is, up to completed weeks of pregnancy. The classic triad of symptoms, amenorrhea, abdominal pain, and abnormal bleeding, varies greatly among individuals, and ectopic pregnancies frequently are confused with other conditions, such as ovarian cyst, pelvic inflammatory disease, and spontaneous abortion. Pdf ectopic pregnancy case study free download pdf. An ectopic pregnancy is any pregnancy that grows outside of the uterus womb. Some examples of the different types of ectopic pregnancy are described below. Note that the ectopic is separate from the ovarian cyst. Use of transvaginal ultrasonography and quantitative measurement of the.
The european surgery in ectopic pregnancy esep study was an openlabel, multicentre, randomised controlled trial in university hospitals and other teaching and nonteaching hospitals in the netherlands, sweden, the uk, and the usa. Although ectopic pregnancy remains a leading cause of lifethreatening firsttrimester morbidity, accounting for about 9% of maternal deaths annually, 1 we now are able to diagnose and treat most cases well before rupture occursin some cases, as early as 5 weeks gestation. In the uk, ectopic pregnancy remains the leading cause of pregnancyrelated first trimester death 0. Ectopic pregnancy ep is defined as the implantation and development of a fertilized ovum anywhere outside of the uterine cavity. Apr 10, 2015 ectopic pregnancy occurs when implantation of the blastocyst takes place in a site other than the endometrium of the uterine cavity. It is for use by all healthcare professionals involved in womens. In a small percentage of pregnancies, however, the embryo implants in. The estimated prevalence of ectopic pregnancy is 12% worldwide. Oftentimes, however, it is not possible to visualize an ectopic pregnancy with ultrasound. When compared with normal pregnancies, hcg levels increase at different rates in ectopic pregnancies 21. Esep started as a dutchswedishbritish collaboration, and two centres in the usa joined during the study period. If you experience any of these symptoms especially if youre in a highrisk category contact your health care provider immediately.
Theyre also called tubal pregnancies because most of them happen in the fallopian tubes. Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester has wide differential diagnoses, the most common being a normal early intrauterine pregnancy, with other potential causes including spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy is a major gynecologic emergency, which results in significant morbidity for the mother and inevitable loss of the pregnancy. Sometimes, an ectopic pregnancy occurs in other areas of the body, such as the ovary, abdominal cavity or the lower part of the uterus cervix, which connects to the vagina. Incidence, diagnosis and management of tubal and nontubal. Pregnancy of unknown location pul is the term used to categorize a pregnancy in a woman with a positive pregnancy test when no pregnancy has been visualized using tvs. The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancy can be an unintended consequence of assisted reproduction. Furthermore, with earlier diagnosis, medical therapy with methotrexate can be offered and surgery avoided in some. This leaflet aims to explain what ectopic pregnancy is, to provide you with information and to answer some of the most common questions about both facts and feelings.
Ppt ectopic pregnancy powerpoint presentation free to. The most common ectopic implantation site is the fallopian tube, though 10 % of ectopic pregnancies implant in the cervix, ovary, myometrium, interstitial portion of the fallopian tube, abdominal cavity or within a cesarean section scar. The most common symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy are abnormal bleeding andor pelvic pain in the first trimester. Jun 25, 2017 ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death in early pregnancy. Most cases of tubal ectopic pregnancy that are detected early can be treated successfully either with minimally invasive surgery or with medical management using methotrexate. The insidious and potentially catastrophic nature of ep has historically made it one of the most feared conditions to occur in women of reproductive age. Most early ectopic pregnancies can be successfully.
Download a pdf of this fact sheet here ectopic pregnancy. In a normal pregnancy, the egg meets the sperm is fertilized in the fallopian tube and the embryo fertilized egg travels through the tube to the uterus. Ectopic pregnancy is caused by a fertilised egg not being able to move through the fallopian tube. A left tubal ectopic pregnancy at laparoscopy and b tubal ectopic pregnancy has been removed by salpingectomy. Ectopic pregnancy occurs in approximately 2% of ivf cycles.
Ectopic pregnancy symptoms symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy are often confused with those of a miscarriage or pelvic inflammatory disease. Ectopic pregnancy affects 1% to 2% of all pregnancies and is responsible for 9% of pregnancyrelated deaths in the united states. Salpingotomy versus salpingectomy in women with tubal. The rate of increase of hcg in ectopic pregnancy is lower than that of normal pregnancies 21. Purpose and scope the purpose of this guideline is to improve the management of women who may have an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy modern diagnosis and management is a comprehensive book which guides the reader through. Ectopic pregnancy journal of obstetric, gynecologic. After an egg is fertilized, it travels down the fallopian tube to find a comfy place in the uterus to attach and grow.
Bright red, clotting blood usually indicates a trau. Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy and current concepts in the. The most common symptoms are abdominal and pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding. The guideline covers diagnosis of early pregnancy loss, including the use of ultrasound scanning and biochemical testing. Ectopic pregnancy is the second major cause of maternal mortality in the united states and a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the world. Ectopic pregnancy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These 30 pregnancies were divided into 11 tubal, 17 abdominal, and 2 intraligamentous pregnancies.
The guideline includes guidance on when senior andor specialist advice should be sought in order to avoid errors and unnecessary delay. It represents a serious hazard to a womans health and reproductive potential, requiring prompt recognition and early aggressive intervention. An ectopic pregnancy is an early embryo fertilized egg that has implanted outside of the. The crude rate of ectopic pregnancy per reported pregnancies rose from 5. Description download ectopic pregnancy case study comments. Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially lifethreatening condition occurring in 12 % of all pregnancies.
Ectopic pregnancies account for one to two percent of all conceptions. A diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy ep is primarily achieved using transvaginal ultrasonography tvs. In the united kingdom nearly 12 000 ectopic pregnancies are diagnosed each year, which gives a prevalence of 1. Ectopic pregnancy remains to be an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, although the incidence has remained. Furthermore, with earlier diagnosis, medical therapy with methotrexate can be offered and surgery avoided in some women, though the. Keywords pregnancy, ectopicepidemiologydiagnosiscomplications. Ectopic pregnancy an overview sciencedirect topics. Ectopic pregnancy a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. In a normal pregnancy, the fertilized egg moves from the fallopian tube into the uterus, where the pregnancy develops. In the left fallopian tube there is an ectopic pregnancy and bleeding. This guideline covers diagnosing and managing ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage in women with complications, such as pain and bleeding, in early pregnancy that is, up to completed weeks of pregnancy. Jun 10, 2011 the estimated prevalence of ectopic pregnancy is 12% worldwide. Symptoms of ectopic pregnancy the symptoms of ectopic pregnancy can mimic miscarriage or the symptoms of other reproductive.
Uncommon implantation sites of ectopic pregnancy include the cervix, interstitial segment of the fallopian tube, scar from a prior cesarean delivery, uterine myometrium, ovary, and peritoneal cavity. Ectopic pregnancy affects 1% to 2% of all pregnancies and is responsible for 9% of pregnancy related deaths in the united states. Ep, eccyesis, extrauterine pregnancy, eup, tubal pregnancy when in fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterine cavity. Ectopic pregnancy ep presents a major health problem for women of childbearing age. Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy in which the developing blastocyst becomes implanted at a site other than the endometrium of the uterine cavity. The ratio of ectopic pregnancy in our hospital is 1 to 84 preg.